COSMETIC DENTISTRY

Cosmetic Dentistry is a sum of dental interventions through which one achieves the “perfect denture” in terms of aspect and functionality.

In order to have an aesthetically pleasing denture and beautiful smile, people tend to solicit cosmetic dentistry services more and more. Cosmetic dentistry has become vastly popular due to modern dental technology along with the specialization of the doctors.

The duration of one such treatment of cosmetic dentistry varies both from procedure to procedure as well as from person to person. The state of ones teeth prior to the treatment greatly influences the duration of the treatment.

TEETH WHITENING / The whitening of ones teeth through the application of whitening gel or the whitening of teeth with the use of a zoom laser (plasma whitening)

The whitening of teeth can be one of the easiest and most satisfying dental procedures which our clinic offers our patients. We are proud to be able to offer different options in terms of teeth whitening procedures which are entirely dependent on the needs and wishes of every individual patient. Patients are always incredibly pleased upon completing both the option of whitening teeth in the privacy of ones home (application of whitening gel) as well as accelerated teeth whitening (use of zoom laser, at the clinic) due to the brighter, revitalized smiles, achieved in very short periods of time.

As afore mentioned, you may chose diverse teeth whitening methods according to your own personal needs:

Teeth whitening with the application of whitening gel

The teeth whitening procedure can be achieved both within the dentistry clinic as well as in the privacy of ones home. Before beginning the teeth whitening procedure, it is highly recommended that one pays a visit to the dentistry clinic in order to receive a professional dental evaluation as well as a dental cleaning (tartar removal procedure). The tartar removal is basically the preparation of the teeth for the whitening procedure. Opalescence is a teeth whitening gel with guaranteed results. The teeth whitening procedure done within the clinic takes up to two hours and utilizes a higher concentration of the gel as well as the utilization of a zoom laser. During these two hours the patient is always aided by the dentist in charge of the procedure. The teeth whitening procedure requires minimal effort from the patient. Opalescence is a teeth whitening system accepted by the ADA (American Dentist Association).

In the case that one opts for whitening ones teeth at home, here’s what you must do:

• Brush your teeth rigorously before applying the whitening gel;
• Apply the whitening gel starting at the “deepest” section of the dental tray as well as applying the gel towards the frontal side of the dental tray. Around the molar area, only a relatively small quantity will be required. Approximately 1/3 or ½ of the quantity of gel from the syringe will be sufficient for one arch;
• Fix the dental tray firmly on your teeth;
• With the use of a soft or softer toothbrush, napkin or a clean fingertip, gently remove the excess gel which may seep out through the edges of the dental tray;
• Generally, the dental tray should be worn anywhere from 8-10 hours a day during the night and around 6 hours throughout the day. After this period of time, the tray is removed;
• Brush your teeth and rinse well, so that no gel remains either on the teeth or the dental tray.

In the end you will be greatly pleased with the teeth whitening procedure which will be recommended by your dentist.

Teeth Whitening – White teeth with the use of a zoom laser

The whitening of teeth can be one of the easiest and most satisfying dental procedures which our clinic offers our patients. We are proud to be able to offer different options in terms of teeth whitening procedures which are entirely dependent on the needs and wishes of every individual patient. Patients are always incredibly pleased upon completing both the option of whitening teeth in the privacy of ones home (application of whitening gel) as well as accelerated teeth whitening (use of zoom laser, at the clinic) due to the brighter, revitalized smiles, achieved in very short periods of time.

As afore mentioned, you may chose diverse teeth whitening methods according to your own personal needs:

Teeth whitening with the application of whitening gel

The teeth whitening procedure can be achieved both within the dentistry clinic as well as in the privacy of ones home. Before beginning the teeth whitening procedure, it is highly recommended that one pays a visit to the dentistry clinic in order to receive a professional dental evaluation as well as a dental cleaning (tartar removal procedure). The tartar removal is basically the preparation of the teeth for the whitening procedure. Opalescence is a teeth whitening gel with guaranteed results. The teeth whitening procedure done within the clinic takes up to two hours and utilizes a higher concentration of the gel as well as the utilization of a zoom laser. During these two hours the patient is always aided by the dentist in charge of the procedure. The teeth whitening procedure requires minimal effort from the patient. Opalescence is a teeth whitening system accept by ADA (American Dentist Association).

In the case that one opts for whitening ones teeth at home, here’s what you must do:

• Brush your teeth rigorously before applying the whitening gel;
• Apply the whitening gel starting at the “deepest” section of the dental tray as well as applying the gel towards the front side of the dental tray. Around the molar area, only a relatively small quantity will be required. Approximately 1/3 or ½ of the quantity of gel from the syringe will be sufficient for one arch;
• Fix the dental tray firmly on your teeth;
• With the use of a soft or softer toothbrush, napkin or a clean finger, gently remove the excess gel which may seep out through the edges of the dental tray;
• Generally, the dental tray should be worn anywhere from 8-10 hours a day during the night and around 6 hours throughout the day. After this period of time, the tray is then removed;
• Brush your teeth and rinse well, so that no gel remains either on the teeth or the dental tray.

In the end you will be greatly pleased with the teeth whitening procedure which will be recommended by your dentist.

Ceramic Dental Veneers

Dental veneering is the newest method and combination of the art and science of cosmetic dentistry. Hollywood’s biggest stars have come to the conclusion that the changing and lighting up of the smile through the use of dental veneers can drastically change presence, attitude and communication

Porcelain Dental Veneers (laminated ceramic) are literally “casings” placed on the external side of the tooth in order to better the frontal aspect of ones teeth.

Ceramic Veneers (Porcelain) give ones denture a natural aspect, due to the absence of metal and therefore offering a translucence which greatly resembles that of ones natural teeth. The porcelain surfaces are very smooth and impenetrable, reason for which veneered teeth will never lose or change their color or shine.

Dental Veneers are especially created to fit the patient’s appearance, personality and of course re-give the patient their smile’s vitality

Ceramic Dental Crowns on Zirconium Supports

Ceramic Dental crowns (porcelain) on a zirconium support are used to recreate both the frontal teeth as well as the posterior ones, which may have cracked or may crack due to oversized fillings or dental fractures. There are a variety of materials used in their reconstruction. 3D- Dental utilizes one of the best dental technicians in the country and creates ceramic dental crowns on a zirconium support which look just like natural teeth.

Zirconium Oxide or ceramic teeth on a zirconium support

Zirconium is quickly becoming the preferred material when it comes to the realization of dental crowns. Zirconium oxide is a highly resistant ceramic material (white similar to the teeth’s natural color) used commonly in general medicine in the construction of hip prosthesis. The reasons for which a dental clinic prefers to use the zirconium oxide alloy are many.
The outstanding resistance to pressure which it offers makes it capable of supporting the soliciting act of mastication and daily use without the possibility of cracking or breaking. Another plus of zirconium oxide is the translucence it offers, which is very similar to that of ones natural teeth.
Due to the absence of the metallic support, light is reflected off of one such ceramic crown on a zirconium support in the same way that it is reflected off natural teeth.
For this reason, zirconium is most effective in terms of aesthetic value, which is of the highest importance especially if the ceramic zirconium crowns are localized in the frontal level of the denture and even more so if they are to be in the vicinity of natural teeth. This gives top dental clinics around the world yet another reason to choose zirconium oxide above any other material when dealing with ceramic crowns.
Another major quality of zirconium is the absence of corrosion. This way, gingival reactions such as the ash colored line which appears around the edges of most metal-ceramic crowns is no longer an issue. Another benefit is the lack of the ever irritating metallic taste, which other crowns of different materials leave.
Ceramic crowns on a zirconium oxide support are lighter than those on a metallic support, thus making the new prosthetic works much easier to adapt to. This is highly important especially in the case of dental bridges with several elements.
The risk of allergy in the case of zirconium (zirconium teeth) is not an issue. There are no patients allergic to this particular material as it is biocompatible as well as bio inert.
Zirconium is also inert from a thermal point of view. It does not conduct heat in such a way that thermal variations are not transmitted to the dental pulp (the nerve) and thus reduces the risk of the appearance of nerve irritation.
The precision of ceramic zirconium works is guaranteed due to the realization of internal structure made by a computer through the cutting from a solid block of zirconium oxide. Due to the extremely precise adaptation of the ceramic zirconium crowns, they can be cemented with biocompatible material which does not lead to nerve/pulp irritation.
The sophisticated technology involved in the creation of porcelain dentures on zirconium supports as well as the fact that quality zirconium is expensive, causes the price of a quality ceramic zirconium crown to be quite high. In order to surpass the price barrier, certain producers have chosen to create porcelain crowns with a lower level of zirconium in order to create a cheaper product. Studies indicate however, that these cheaper crowns are not sufficiently resistant to support mastication pressure without cracking.
The dental clinic hereby recommends zirconium oxide crowns (the restoring of the denture through the use of biocompatible materials adapted to the third millennium)

Ceramic dental bridges – fixed dental prosthesis

Dental bridges are fixed dental prosthetics cemented on “pillar teeth” which are already part of the patient’s denture and are built in order to replace one or more missing teeth.

Teeth that limit existent space are used to anchor the bridge, to bring back functionality as well as aesthetic value.
Now we can create porcelain bridges on several types of metal supports (Remanium, Cr-Ni; Paladium Gold, Au-Pd; Platinum Gold; Au-Pt; Zirconium Zr) as well as entirely out of porcelain (ceramic) or based on resins in order to obtain the best possible results for each particular situation.
A substitute dental crown is necessary in the case that one tooth must be substituted for diverse reasons, large cavity processes, old obturations which can no longer stand occlusal force or the breaking off of larger portion of the tooth. Usually an obturation is meant to substitute a small part of the tooth, where as a crown substitutes the entire dental surface. Dental crowns are generally divided into 3 (three) categories: Totally Metallic (usually made from gold), Metal/Ceramic and Totally Ceramic.
Total Ceramic Dental Crowns – this type of crown is considered the latest generation in dental crowns, being completely made from ceramic through the technique of robotic computerized milling “CAD/CAM”, they are the best in terms of aesthetic value and greatly resemble ones natural teeth, thus giving a completely natural aspect to the point where they are very hard to determine from natural teeth. They also benefit from new cementing techniques utilizing latest generation materials which adhere to the prosthetic preparation thus forming a single unit with the crown (the tooth) in such a way that it gives the patient the sensation of a natural tooth (being very similar to a substitution of dental enamel)

• Dental Metal/Ceramic Crowns – these crowns have a nearly completely natural aspect for 2 particular reasons; the first being that metal/ceramic crowns, while having a metal support, they require an opaque material in order to allow for the possibility of building the ceramic over it. This opaque material does not allow for the recreation of the translucence of a natural tooth. In fact doing this makes the recreation of translucence impossible. The second reason is that these metal/ceramic crowns create a sort of black line at gingival level. Dentists always try to hide this sub-gingival defect however this is unattainable in the first stage. In time, gums become a gray black color and give the tooth an aesthetically unappealing appearance.
• Dental Totally Metallic Crowns – these crowns are made purely of metal and give an extremely aesthetically unpleasing aspect. They are generally used in the posterior areas of the mouth, usually around the molar where esthetic value is not an important factor.

Utilizing classic confection technology for ceramic crowns, a dental crown must always have a metallic support, thus limiting the possibility of obtaining aesthetically pleasing results. Today, along with the advancement of technology, we can create dental crowns made entirely of ceramic. This confers the possibility of attaining aesthetically pleasing results as well as a natural aspect especially in the frontal area of the denture where aesthetic value and a natural look is probably the most important factor for the patient

Dental Clinic Recommendations:

• In situations where there is concern for aspect and aesthetic value is highly important, dental crowns made entirely of ceramic are recommended
• In situations where more than one or all the teeth in the frontal group must be recreated, totally ceramic crowns are recommended
• When ones gum is thin and of a light pink color, especially in visible zones, in order to avoid the appearance of a dark colored line around the tooth it is preferred that totally ceramic crowns are used.
• In situations where ones lateral teeth are visible while talking or while smiling, (generally the premolars) and aesthetic value is an important factor, metal/ceramic crowns are recommended as they allow for an aesthetically pleasing result.
• When teeth that must be remade are in areas less aesthetically important, such as the molar area, metal/ceramic or fully metallic crowns are recommended. This is due to functionality over aspect importance.

Tooth colored dental fillings

Dentistry techniques of today allow for the reconstruction of teeth at their original resistance but of an appearance significantly improved. This is due to the use of latest generation resins and ceramics.
This can include the replacement of old fillings made from amalgam (sometimes may be referred to as being made from silver or mercury) which have darkened in color and have become quite aesthetically unappealing with the passing of time

Dental Bonding

Composite resin bonding is used to repair fractures, as well as laminate (cover) teeth in order to improve aesthetic quality.
Generally, these procedures are done in a single session without causing the patient any sort of discomfort. In this way we contribute to the making of some of the most beautiful smiles in the country, courtesy of our vast experience.

Gingival Remodeling

Un-even gums can, in a matter of speaking, play pranks on the smile. They make teeth seem crooked, larger or seem of an unusual shape. We can fix a smile affected by abnormal gum shape through their sculpting. This sculpting causes them to better fit ones teeth. In order to obtain this result, gingival remodeling around the group of teeth which become visible when we smile and the “correction” of the side of the gum that comes in contact with the teeth (gingival osteoplatie).  This type of procedure can be done with the use of an electrocautery or a laser. More complicated cases can be handled through usual dental surgical maneuvers. Something very important when it comes to remodeling of gums is the patient’s choice vis-à-vis the prosthetic part of the procedure (the type of support: metallic or non metallic chosen for the desired ceramic crowns). In the case of noble metals such as platinum gold, palladium gold and zirconium oxide, they are very adaptable to the supports on which ceramic is applied. There are also other materials for the crowns to be placed on. These could be remanium, chrome- cobalt, etc which are also good however are not recommended in the case that the patient is allergic to them.

Corno-Radicular Reconstruction

In certain cases, due to degradation, fractures or other motives, a tooth can become deteriorated in such a way that the portion of the tooth above the gingival line does not exist or is not sufficient in order to sustain a single reconstruction such as a crown. This is where Corno-Radicular Reconstruction (RCR) comes in.
Corno-Radicular Reconstruction (RCR) can be confectioned from metal (Cr-Ni; Au-Pd; Au-Pt, Zr02) or from glass fiber pivots according to the individual patients. During the time of consultation at the dentistry clinic, the dentist determines the type of RCR each particular patient is in need of.

IMPLANTOLOGY

The Dental Implant is one of the most frequently executed procedures within a dentistry clinic (see details regarding oral surgery) through which a new tooth, in the shape of a titanium piece, is introduced on a dental arch. Upon a quite simple dental surgical intervention, the placement of the dental implant is made after the area of extraction has healed or immediately post extraction. After the necessary time required for bone integration, another metallic piece is placed upon the dental implant. This new metallic piece is called a prosthetic preparation. On top of this prosthetic preparation, the dentist can then place the ceramic crown, bridge or dental prosthetic which will replace the missing tooth or teeth.

-Who can be a candidate for a dental implant?
-Generally, anyone missing one or more teeth can solicit the dental implant procedure. Usual limitations for dental implant “candidacy” include both the quantity and quality of the receptor bone, the position of the maxillary sinus or the position of certain vessels or nerves, the deficient gene or causes directly related to the organisms’ general state (the patient is still a growing child, or suffers from diseases such a diabetes, certain blood issues or issues of the osseous tissue, etc). For this reason, pre dental implants, candidates are required to undergo a series of special dental x-rays as well as blood work analysis.

 -What is the age limit for dental implants?
- Occasionally, elderly patients may express concern in relation to their age being a factor which may prohibit full benefit of the dental implant procedure. With this in mind, it is important to understand that general health is a far more important factor than age and if one is sufficiently healthy to undergo an extraction, one is also probably sufficiently healthy to undergo the dental implant procedure. The dental implant procedure may be contradicted by certain chronic illnesses. The specialists of the 3D-Dental clinic will determine whether a patient may or may not be a candidate for dental implants. The result of this will be determined through a close evaluation of a patients’ blood work and dental records.

-Does the dental implant procedure cause pain?
-Certain people express concern in relation to dental procedures. Some people hate the pain while others are terrified of merely the idea of visiting a dentist. In current practical dentistry, the dental implant is a highly discussed aspect. Due to the evolution of both equipment and medication, as well as the preparation of the anesthetists, our patients claim to feel far more comfortable with their treatments than they ever have done in the past. Once the treatment plan has been “sketched” out, ones questions about discomfort and pain control can much easily be answered.

-What are the stages of the dental implant procedure and how long does one such procedure take?
-Upon the completion of the blood work and dental x-rays, the intervention of the placement of the dental implant commences under the influence of anesthetics. After the implant is inserted within the bone, it is covered with gum tissue and is sutured (sown/stitched). A moderate discomfort may appear 3 hours after the intervention, once the effect of the anesthetics begins to wear off.
This particular intervention is has a duration of approximately one hour, or longer depending on the number of dental implants which need to be inserted.
The next stage of the dental implant procedures is the waiting in period in which the implant bonds with the bone. This stage is called osseointegration and may take anywhere from 3 to 6 months. Upon osseointegration, the prosthetic preparation is introduced. From this moment on, prosthesis through crowns, bridges or prosthetics require a few more sessions (a few days).
With this being said, it is important to understand that every patient presents a unique case, thus making it difficult to specify the exact amount of time required for one such procedure.

-What is the cost of a dental implant at a dentistry clinic?
- The factors which determine the price include the investment in the quality of material, technology, permanent instruction and the accrediting of the dentists, staff and internal laboratory team.
This being said, our prices are comparable with those, at a national level, with other dental clinics. According to the procedure, our prices may be smaller than those of other clinics. Before making a choice which may change your life, solely based on the financial aspect, we strongly encourage you to experiment for yourself what it is that sets us apart from other dental clinics.

-How will dental implants affect my life?
- The teeth being sustained by implants will be the exactly the same as natural teeth in terms of functionality and aspect. This means that one may eat and drink comfortably as usual.
Prosthesis with the aid of dental implants significantly improves the quality of life. Persons who have been previously embarrassed due to dental issues are always overwhelmed at what their new denture can do for their self confidence.

The Advantages of dental implants

• Aesthetically pleasing aspect
• The feeling of natural teeth
• Mastication comparable with that of natural teeth
• Ossual Stimulation is of 95%
• Total stability of the prosthetic work.
• Do not cause harm to the gums during mastication
• Are easy to wear and easy to maintain

Analgesia, anesthetics and sedation within the dentistry clinic

-What is local anesthetic?
- Local anesthetic is the technique employed in the case of simple interventions or when general or total anesthetic is counter indicated.
It is not indicated when: patients do not cooperate or present infection around the area of injection, major hemorrhagic diathesis or major surgical interventions.
Sedation during consciousness is a development of local anesthetic and is very useful when dealing with anxious or moderately non co-operant patients and is commonly used when dealing with wisdom tooth extractions.
Pain during injection: This pain is, to a certain measure, inevitable, however it can be reduced through the relaxation of the patient and precise injection.

-What does sedation entail?
- Sedation holds the purpose of helping the patient relax and keeping them in a state of comfort while still awake and capable of opening the mouth when asked while avoiding loss of consciousness or the laryngeal reflex. The patient will be in a state of general relaxation and will also sense minor tingling, generally around the fingers.

-What should I do post anesthetic?
-Upon anesthetics injection, patients should follow the post-sedation “step” which takes an average of 30 minutes to an hour where one should be in a relaxing environment. It is extremely important that the patient is driven home and is not allowed to drive an automobile for up to 12 hours.

Necessary blood work required for dental implant candidacy?

-What blood work is necessary for the dental implant procedure?
- In order to commence the dental implant procedure, patients must present the clinic with the medical exam, thus proving that one is a worthy candidate for dental implantation in terms of health. The following tests will be axed of patients:

Blood counts
Glycemia
Calcemia
Cholesterol
Bleeding time
Clotting time
Uric acid
Urea
ESR

3D-Dental dental clinc utilizes the best possible dental implants and the patient may ask for any type of available dental implant as well as the corresponding prosthetic preparation.  

ORAL SURGERY

Oral and Dental Surgery – Periodontal / Maxillo -Facial surgery /BMF/ Dento-alveolar

The speciffic techniques of oral/ dental surgery are used only when necessary within a dental clinic. Whether it is an extraction or more complicated procedures, our dentists will succesfully finalize the surgical intervention.

Aside from the surgical techniques afore mentioned the 3D-Dental clinic can also provide the following:

-Dental surgical interventions executed at the oral cavity level;
-Apical Resections;
-Regulating of alveolar crests;
- Periodontal surgeory;
-Gingival Plastic surgery

An extraction must be executed in the case that a tooth is already compromised. It is the sollution adopted in the case that the tooth can no longer be recuperated through standard procedures.

The technique is also adopted in the case that there is nothing left of the tooth other than remnants of the root or if the particular case entails errupting teeth. This procedure entails the tooth being pulled from its cavity and replaced with a dental implant or bridge.

In the case that the root of the tooth is ”ill”, extraction must take place rapidly. However this procedure may not be done if the tooth hurts or happens to be infected. The procedure may only be done upon treatment of the possible issues mentioned above. In this case dentists prefer to attempt an apical resection. This procedures allows for the healthy portion of the root of the particular tooth to be kept.

The regulating of the alveolar crests entails the smoothing of the ossual substrate upon extraction. This technique is adopted when looking to obtain an optimal prosthetic field for subsequent prosthesis.

When speaking of periodontal dental surgery, we think of new techniques for guided ossual and tissue regeneration. This technique is entailed when looking to maintain and elongate the ”life span” of potential paradontic teeth.

Plastic gingival surgery is the rebuilding of the optimal morphological content of the gum tissue

The organism reacts differently to surgical interventions (in this case, dental) to which it is subjected according to metabolism. The organisms’ resistance is also dependant on an appropriate diet, rich in calcium (dairy products and green vegetables), magnezium (cereal, nuts, peanuts, red meat), phosphorus (egg yolks, fish, milk), fluorine (tea, fish), vitamins and other minerals

Dento-alveolar surgery

These surgical maneuvres are currently executed under the effect of local anesthetics. In this category of procedures one may fiind; dental extraction; apical resections; cystectomy; subgingival curretage; paradontal surgery; etc.

OMF surgery (BMF)

This procedure entails treatments of a very large scale such as the reduction of fractures in the maxillo-facial region, tumors (oral cancer), lodge suppuring, etc. It is generally done under the condition of being hospitalized and permanent observation by the medical staff of the hospital the patient is hospitalized in.

You may contact us for emergencies.

Periodontal disease (chronic periodontitis)

-What are periodontal diseases?
- Periodontal diseases are disorders within the gum and alveolar bone as well as in the ligaments which sustain the tooth in the alveole. They are mainly caused by the bacterial plaque which determine the inflamation of the marginal periodontium. In the incipient phase, the periodontal disease is better known as gingivitis and is reversible through adequate treatment and rigurous hygiene. If left untreated, gingivitis can lead to periodontal disease and finally to the loss of teeth on the dental arch.

-What are the symptoms of the periodontal disease?
- Among others, alarming signs for the periodontal disease include: red and sensitive gums, which tend to bleed during brushing and/or mastication; slight gingival itching; slight pain, however bearable, still noticeable during the mastication of harder food products as well as during the brushing of the teeth. Due to the clinic manifestations being reduced in intensity, they are generally beared by the majority of patients, which rarely solicit a speciality consultation in relation to these symptoms.

-What is Periodontitis?
-Periodontitis, along with the dental cavity is one of the main causes which lead to tooth loss. Periodontitis is a disease of the periodontium (the tissue which sustain the tooth within the ossual alveole). For this reason, dentists often stumble upon teeth that appear healthy and without cavities, which are mobile and thus, sometimes require extraction. If you happen to have swollen gums, red or of a purple color it is highly recommended that you quickly seek the advice of a professional dentist.

-How can we prevent periodontal disease?
- Daily, correct brushing of ones teeth as well as the periodic dental consultation (once every 6 months) are elementary sollutions, but very efficient in the prevention of the periodontal disease. Dental brushing must be executed twice a day, both in the morning as well as at night. Also the proper tooth brushing technique is of the highest importance as an incorrect tooth brushing technique can actually prove to be harmful. For this reason it is highly indicated that you consult a dentist who can inform you of the correct tooth brushing method. As well as the daily tooth brushing, a professional brushing along with a tartar removal procedure is recommended and even necessary once every six months.

Apical Resection

-What is an apical resection?
- The apical resection is a surgical method which entails the extraction of the dental apex along with the surrownding, infected ossual tissue. This procedure may or may not be preceded by the correct endodontic treatment as well as a perfect root canal obturation.

-When is an apical resection indicated?
- Indications to when an apical resection is in order can be grouped in several categories:
1. Anatomic issues which prevent accurate obturation and cleaning of the root canal
2. Issues in relation to the prosthetic restoration of the implicated teeth
3. Horizontal fractures of the root along with apical necrosis
4. Obstacles along the root canal which can otherwise not be treated through endodontic treatment
5. Periapical lesions which can no longer be resolved by the treatment of the canal.
- We strongly recommend frequent consultations at the dentistry clinic, the absolutely necessary periodic cleaning (tartar removal through the use of ultrasounds + professional brushing of the teeth and possibly air flow), avoiding non recommended habbits such as smoking.

Smoking also shortens the ”life span” of a dental implant.

Orthodontics – the straightening and correction of teeth position through the use of an orthodontic dental apparatus

Orthodontics handles the straightening and correction of the dental position. Issues with the position of the teeth or otherwise crooked teeth are frequent alements when dealing with children and adolescents, howver adults can also seek this type of treatment. Parents should always be very attentive in relation to their childrens’ teeth and teach them to look after their teeth at a young age.
The bunching up of teeth and incorrect dental occlusions can, in time, also affect the heal of teeth, gums and the tenporo-mandibular articulation. A deficient mastication process may lead to changes in the general state of ones organism.
The progress in dental technology permits the spectacular, painless correction of dento-maxilliary anomalies.
Orthodontic dental apparatus are nearly invizible, made from translucent materials of the same color as the teeth.
During childhood and adolescence, the jaw bones grow and mature. For this reason it is much easier to modify the pozition of the teeth during the earlier stages of life.
In the case of adult patients, orthodontic or therapeutic treatment can take longer as the maxilliary bones have stunted their growth. Dental treatment is recommended due to long term un-treated issues leading to the possible apparition of certain speech defficiencies, predisposition for tartar formation and thus cavity formation.

About Orthodontics (orthodontic dental apparatus)

-What are Orthodontics?
-Orthodontics is a special area within dentistry through which the orthodontist treats the lack of dental allignment, unaesthetic dental rotations, and lack of symmetry of the two dental arches.

-What is dental orthodontic treatment?
-Dental orthodontic treatment is the clinic method through which dento-maxillary anomalies can be corrected. Dental technique has felt drastic improvement in Romania within the past few years and people have begun to appreciate the importance of the orthodontic apparatus as and the advantages of a healthy, aesthetically appealing smile. The orthodontic dental apparatus is not something fashionable but something necessary.
The allignment of the dental position is a very important aspect which should not be treated as a fad but rather a necessity. The American Orthodontic Dentists’ Association reccomends that every child, at the age of seven, should benefit from an orthodontic consultation. Dental allignment can be done through the use of both mobile and fixed dental apparatus. These orthodontic dental apparatus are alternatives for both children as well as adults.

-What is the age limit for tooth straightening through orthodontics?
-Orthodontics does not have an age limit per se. We are capable of treating both children, at the tender age of 5, as well as 40 year old adults. It is, however, recommended that orthodontic treatment begins as early as possible in order to allow for more options in relation to what changes can be made. In conclusion, it is far more healthy an option to treat dental anomalies through orthodontic treatment rather than non orthodontic treatment. Through orthodontics dental allignment may be corrected while through non orthodontic treatment it may only be masked.

-How long does orthodontic dental treatment last within a dentistry clinic?
-It is possible that during the initial orthodontic consultation, a conclusion to an estimatied duration of the treatment process may be drawn. The orthodontic treatment can vary from patient to patient. Every particular persons’ teeth move in a speciffic way.
The duration of bracket treatment can last up to 2 years, however in most cases it is resolved within the first 12 months. Close colaboration between the orthodontic dentist and patient is necessary as monthly visit and regular apparatus control are musts when undergoing this particular type of treatment.

About INCOGNITO Dental Lingual Apparatus and ceramic Brackets

-What are incognito (invisible) lingual dental apparatus?  
- Lingual dental apparatus (invisibile) are utilized in the allignment of theeth and are attached on the internal (lingual) side of the teeth and, as opposed to the classic, vestibular apparatus, cannot be seen when smilling.

-What are the advantages of incognito lingual dental apparatus in comparison to their vestibular counterparts?
-The lingual (internal) side of theeth is far more cavity resistant than the frontal or vestibular side duet o it being permanently drenched in saliva and thus permanently cleaned.

-How are incognito lingual dental apparatus applied?
-Firstly, certain x-rays and study cases are necessary in order to determine the type of anomaly as well as the difficulty level of the particular case.
After the patient has been presented with the details in relation to the treatment and permission has been given for therapy inception, the orthodontic dentist will register the teeth from both arches with the aid of certain sillicone prints.
Invisible orthodontic brackets are created within a laboratory through the use of analasys and computerized scaning of the dental surfaces, These brackets are made of gold and are made in such a way that speaking and lingual effort difficulties are minimal. After their creation, the brackets are sent to the dental clinic on special transfer spoons. These spoons are used by the orthodontists in the insertion of the brackets within the oral cavity. Once fixed on ones teeth, the invisible brackets are not removed until the end of the treatment. When removed, the dental surfaces are polished and remain unaffected in any way by any material used in the fixing of the lingual brackets?

-What are the assets of orthodontic ceramic brackets?
- Orthodontic ceramic brackets are made of aluminium oxide, thus allowing the natural color of the teeth to penetrate through the bracket, making them neatly invisible. The material from which they are made permits the avoidance of any sort of interference of reflected light when the attachment is covered with saliva. The ceramic attachment surfaces are very well finished in order to avoid marginal coloring caused by colored foods.
They are higly resistant and do not change color. Adults tend to chose these types of brackets as they are often confused with real teeth and are far less visible than their metallic counterparts.
This type of bracket was worn by the famous Tom Cruise.

-What does the orthodontic method, Invisalign, entail?
- A latest generation sollution is the orthodontic treatment without brackets, without ”metal and wire”. This particular treatment is possible through the new Invisalign method. The Invisalign teeth straightening treatment is possible with the aid of ”transparent dental trays” called aligners. These aligners are very comfortable and can be taken out for eating purposes as well as proper dental cleaning. Invisalign (orthodontic transparent dental trays) is a sollution to low grade difficulty anomalies and corrects the position of the teeth.

The Orthodontic dental implant – Orthodontic dental implants are used to aid the orthodontic treatment. They are used for a short period of time and are then removed from the oral cavity without leaving any sort of scars

PEDODONTICS

Pedodontics – Childrens’ dentistry/ dental kids

Our priority, at the 3D-Dental clinic is to insure the  health of your childrens’ denture. We concentrate on prevention as well as quality treatment and positive motivation.

We seek to create a positive, pleasent and comfortable atmosphere in which chidlren can learn to accept dental hygiene starting at an early age.

For you and your child

-The very first visit
-We strongly believe that a childs’ first visit inside a dental clinic should be entertaining, educational and most importantly, should create a positive first impresion.

We encourage parents to be close to their children during the first few visits to the clinic.When a certain confort level is achieved, it is in the childs’ best interest that he/she learns to be comfortable and relaxed when only with the dentists inside the clinic.

We will teach both you and your child how to properly tend to your dentures. We will present you with information in relation to what causes cavities as well as what you can do to avoid them.

-After Anestetics
- If your child has undergone a prcedure in which an anesthetics injection has been necessary, then:
The tongue, teeth, lips and surrownding tissue will be numb.
It is quite regularly that children do not understand post anesthetic effects and may chew, scratch or suck the numb lip or cheek. This can lead to either minor iritation or even cause serios damage, causing injuries to the surrownding tissue.
It is therefore highly reccomended that one feeds their child light food products, prefferably liquids until the anesthetic effects have worn off.

-After Extraction
-Immediately after extraction occurs, parents must insure that the child does hurt his/her tongue, lips or cheek while still under the effect of anesthetics. Here are some useful tips in how to insure this:

• Do not allow your child to chew food products
• Do not allow your child to suck any sort of objects
• Do not allow your child to rinse for a few hours
• Do not allow your child to spit excessively
• Do not allow your child to touch the area from which the tooth has been extracted with either their tongue or fingers.

-Tooth eruption
-A childs denture is fomed even before birth. As early as 4 months, the first milk teeth which erupt through the inferior gums are central incisives and are closely followed by the eruption of the superior incisives. All though the first 20 milk teeth keep appearing until the age of 3, the order in which they appear may vary.

Permanent teeth begin to appear around the age of 6, starting with the molars and incisives of the inferior oral cavity. This process continues until approximately the age of 21

Adults have 28 permanent teeth and may even have 32 including the wisdom tooth.

-Milk Teeth
- It is important to maintain the health of ones milk teeth. Unattended cavities can and generally do end up leading to problems which permanently affect the development of the teeth.
Milk or primary teeth are important for:
- Adequate mastication and feeding
- The offering of space for permanent teeth and their guiding in the correct position
- Permit the normal development of the maxillary bones and muscles.

Milk teeth influence speech development and participate in the forming of an acceptable presence.

-Teeth Brushing in the case of Children
- You can begin brushing your childrens teeth immediately after the first tooth has erupted. You may use fluoride toothpaste but should only use very little quantitiy wise. This should be done only when the child is old enough to not swallow the tooth paste.

At 4 or 5 years of age, the child should be capable of brushing their teeth by themselves two times a day, however this should be supervized until the age of 7 so that the parent can be sure that the child does this properly.
When teaching your child how to brush their teeth:

• Place the brush in an angle of 45 degrees;
• Begin gently brushing, in a circular motion, starting from the gums;
• Brush the exterior surface of each tooth, both top and bottom;
• Repeat the step above for the interior surface of the teeth;
• Finish by brushing the tongue for breath freshness and bacteria removal;
• Use dental floss for the removal of the dental plaque from between the teeth where the brush cannot reach.

-Infant Cavities

-A serios form of cavities in children can be found within infants. This is due to the prolonged
exposure of the childs denture to liquids high in sugar. These liquids include milk (materal milk), powdered milk, fruit juice and other sweetened bevreges.

Sweet liquids which come in contact with your childs teeth contribute to the production of certain acids and bacteria which affect the dental enamel.

If you tend to put your baby to sleep with a bottle, this bottle must contain only water. If the chil dis incapable of sleeping without tasting his/her favorite drink, try to, in time dilute more and more in the time span of two or three weeks.

After every meal, be sure to wipe the baby’s teeth and gums with a sterile wipe in order to remove plaque.

Childrens’ Bruxism

When you watch a child sleeping you, as a parent would like to hear normal breathing but often times parents can hear the grinding of teeth. The highest rate of this problem i supto 5 years of way where 3 out of 10 children grind their teeth .
Causes may include

-The incorrect alignment of the teeth
-A response to pain: ear pain or the pain that comes with the eruption of teeth
-Nervousness
-General worrying, be it due to an upcomming test at school, routine change or even a previous argument with the parents.

Effects may include;

-Biting of ones cheeks
-Damage to the enamel
-Rise in Temperature

Treatment to this problem is dealth with the same way it is dealt with in aduls. I.e the use of a special dental tray. The 3D-Dental clinic recommends that parents do not administer their children many sweet beverages and food products, especially during the night as they may seriously harm your childs denture.

RADIOLOGY

The Dental X-ray

In order to resolve your issues as quickly and efficiently as possible, one must undergo a series of dental x-rays before beginning treatment. In this way issues which require attention will be identiffied quickly and precisely.

Dental radiological equipment includes special prevention methods in relation to the damaging ionized radiation (Rontgen). The dose of recepted radiation is kept to a minimal level.